Puerarin CAS 3681-99-0 Uses
The treatment of diabetes can be carried out in various ways, and one effective method is to use purine drugs. These drugs can achieve the purpose of treating diabetes by reducing blood sugar concentration. Specifically, they can up-regulate the expressions of insulin receptor substrate IRS-1 and insulin-like growth factor IGF-1 proteins, and promote the expressions of insulin receptor InsR and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPARα, thereby achieving the effects of lowering blood sugar and treating diabetes. In addition, purine drugs can also inhibit the activity of α -glucosidase, further reducing blood sugar concentration and thereby treating diabetes.
In the study of patients with type 2 diabetes, it was found that after using purine drugs, the body's sensitivity to insulin was significantly improved. This is because purine drugs can weaken insulin resistance, thereby helping the body make better use of insulin to control blood sugar levels. In addition, purine drugs can also inhibit the production of TNF-α in plasma, increase the body's sensitivity to insulin levels, and further reduce blood sugar content.
In addition to treating diabetes, purine drugs also have many other pharmacological effects. For instance, in the field of anti-tumor, purine drugs have a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of tumor cells and may exert therapeutic effects by promoting the apoptosis of tumor cells. In terms of protecting the liver, purine drugs have a protective effect on liver damage caused by alcohol poisoning. When the liver is damaged by multiple factors, indicators such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total cholesterol (CHOL) will abnormally increase. Studies show that after treatment with purine drugs, the levels of these indicators will be significantly reduced.
In addition, purine drugs also have the effects of anti-arrhythmia and anti-angina pectoris. Studies have found that puerarin can reduce the incidence of chloroform-induced atrial fibrillation in Kunming mice and significantly increase the threshold dose of cardiac arrest, ventricular premature beats, ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia in SD rats caused by aconitine. This indicates that purine drugs are suitable for the treatment of arrhythmia. Meanwhile, puerarin injection has a remarkable therapeutic effect on angina pectoris of coronary heart disease. Its mechanism of action includes reducing heart rate and blood pressure levels, improving vital signs, reducing myocardial oxygen consumption, and dilating coronary arteries, etc.
In terms of the cardiovascular system, purine drugs can effectively lower the blood pressure levels of hypertensive animals. This is helpful for preventing the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, purine drugs can also reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases by activating blood vessels and improving cardiovascular conditions. It also has certain clinical therapeutic effects on diseases such as retinal arteriovenous occlusion, optic atrophy, and sudden deafness.
Although purine drugs have many advantages such as wide pharmacological activity, definite therapeutic effect and small toxic and side effects, they also have some disadvantages such as poor lipid solubility, poor water solubility and low bioavailability, which limit their application range. However, in recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the development of new materials, various new types of puerarin nano-formulations have been continuously introduced, such as liposomes, nanocrystals/particles, polymer micelles, microemulsions, dendritic polymers, etc. These new formulations not only improve the solubility and bioavailability of puerarin but also enhance its efficacy and stability, providing more options and possibilities for clinical applications.
